Por Redação *
Em um discurso repleto de dados históricos, o vereador Alexandre – Xandó – Garcia Araújo (PT) utilizou a tribuna da Câmara Municipal de Vitória da Conquista no último dia 21 de março, Dia Nacional das Matrizes Africanas e Nações do Candomblé, para denunciar a continuidade do racismo e da intolerância religiosa no Brasil, especialmente em Vitória da Conquista. O parlamentar, que também atua como Ogã (“Guardião da Casa) do Ilé Àse Èfòn Yèyé Omi Titun, fez um panorama histórico e apresentou exemplos recentes de discriminação contra religiões de matriz africana.
Alexandre Xandó começou seu discurso recordando que a data foi instituída por meio de uma Lei sancionada pelo presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT), com autoria do deputado federal Vicentinho (Vicente Paulo da Silva, do PT/SP). Ele enfatizou que, apesar dos avanços legais, as religiões de matriz africana ainda enfrentam discriminação e violência. O vereador trouxe à tona casos recentes que ilustram essa realidade, como o de uma Escola que impediu uma aluna de frequentar as aulas por estar vestindo roupas de candomblé, um motorista de aplicativo que se negou a transportar uma família com trajes religiosos, e a destruição de um Terreiro de Xangô em Vitória da Conquista em 2023.
Além disso, o petista mencionou restrições impostas por Prefeituras Municipais, como o caso de Minas Gerais (Caratinga), que renovou o Alvará de um Terreiro de Umbanda com ressalvas de condições religiosas, e a proibição de advogados de atuarem em Tribunais portando trajes de candomblé. “Essa é a realidade do nosso país, essa é a realidade da nossa cidade”, afirmou o vereador.
O parlamentar fez uma abordagem histórica para explicar as raízes da intolerância religiosa no Brasil. Ele recordou que, durante o período colonial e imperial, os negros escravizados eram proibidos de praticar sua fé. Mesmo após a abolição da escravidão, em 1888, o Código Penal de 1890 criminalizava práticas como o espiritismo, a magia e o uso de talismãs, considerados “crimes contra a Saúde Pública”. “Quem aqui nunca tomou um chá para tratar de suas enfermidades? Quem nunca colocou um mastruz em uma ferida? Isso era crime”, questionou Alexandre Xandó.
O vereador petista também citou o Código de Posturas da Imperial da Vila da Vitória, de 1842, que proibia “cantorias e rezas fúnebres em altas vozes após as nove da noite” e o uso de “sambas e batuques”. Mesmo no século XX, durante a gestão do prefeito Gerson Gusmão Sales, em 1954, o Código de Posturas da cidade proibia “batuques, sambas e candomblés” sem autorização das autoridades, enquanto bailes e reuniões familiares eram permitidos. “Mas o que é o Candomblé, o que é o samba, se não uma grande reunião familiar?”, indagou o vereador, ressaltando a discriminação racial e religiosa que ainda persiste.
A luta pela igualdade religiosa
Alexandre Xandó sublinhou que, apesar das garantias constitucionais de liberdade religiosa, as religiões de matriz africana continuam a ser perseguidas. Ele lembrou que, na Bahia, vigorou um Decreto que exigia Alvará de Registro e Licença da Polícia para o funcionamento de Terreiros. “Essa é a história da perseguição às religiões de matriz africana no Brasil. A única religião que foi considerada crime no Brasil. Nenhuma outra sofreu isso”, afirmou.
O vereador prosseguiu criticando também Projetos de Lei que buscam combater o “aviltamento à fé cristã”, questionando quantas Igrejas ou Templos Evangélicos foram destruídos em Vitória da Conquista. “Mas o Terreiro foi destruído agora em 2023 (Casa de Candomblé Axé de Xangô, localizado na Vila Elisa, dia 1167 de janeiro de 2023). É disso que estamos ando”, referindo-se ao recente caso de destruição de um Terreiro na cidade.
Conquistas e Reconhecimentos
O vereador Alexandre Xandó prosseguiu com sua fala celebrando importantes conquistas recentes, destacando uma decisão judicial histórica de 2022 que barrou a cobrança de IPTU (Imposto Predial e Territorial Urbano) dos Terreiros pela Prefeitura Municipal. Ele ressaltou a colaboração de sua Assessoria e da Articulação dos Terreiros do município, que foram fundamentais para essa vitória.
Além disso, o vereador prestou homenagens a ancestrais e líderes religiosos que enfrentaram a perseguição ao longo dos anos, mencionando nomes como Pai Antônio de Borocó, Mãe Lucília, Mãe Maria de Braulino, Mãe Vitória de Petu, Pai Zé Pequeno, Mãe Maria Tupinambá, Mãe Tilinha e Pai Maron. “Rendo homenagem à memória dos nossos ancestrais”, afirmou Xandó.
Encerramento e Mensagem de Força
Ao concluir seu discurso, o vereador deixou uma mensagem de força e esperança. “Encerro com meu Motumbá [saudação e respeito], meu Okolofé [bênção ou proteção], meu Mukuiu [pedido de bênção], e as bênçãos aos meus mais velhos e aos mais novos. Que este dia, dedicado às tradições de matriz africana e ao Candomblé, seja pleno de axé para aqueles que são de axé e para todos que possuem sua fé”, finalizou Alexandre Xandó, encerrando com uma saudação a Oxalá.
* COM INFORMAÇÕES DA ASSESSORIA DE COMUNICAÇÃO SOCIAL DA CÂMARA MUNICIPAL DE VITÓRIA DA CONQUISTA
Foto: Ascom/CMVC
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